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After the elections, but before taking office as President, Juscelino traveled to Europe and the United States. In the middle of the last preparations before his trip, he sent a request to the Governor of Goiás state, in which he asked the Goianos to work out the draft of a bill regarding the transfer of the capital. He took into account that the Goianos had already surmounted a similar problem when their capital, Goiânia, was built. So, they should know how to manage a situation like this. The governor of Goiás state, Juca Ludovico, designated Segismundo de Araújo Mello, José Peixoto da Silveira, and Paulo Fleury Silva e Souza to pursue task.
When the first legislative steps for the draft of the bill had been taken, Juscelino was still traveling and asked that the draft be discussed with the representative of Minas Gerais State, Israel Pinheiro. The draft established a committee directly reporting to the President. Israel requested the draft to be changed so that the committee would be autonomous.
Upon the return from his trip, Juscelino appointed the lawyer San Tiago Dantas as the responsible person to complete the legal procedures for drafting the foundation bill for Brasília.
Some days after Juscelino had formally taken office as President, a meeting took place at the Catete. The leaders of all political parties in congress attended the meeting, as did the President of the Commission for the Transfer of the Capital, governor Juca Ludovico, San Tiago Dantas, Israel and others. During that occasion, Juscelino reiterated his intention to transfer the capital to Brasília during his five-year term and asked for everyone’s support, especially once the national congress had approved the legislation. Segismundo Mello, who had succeeded governor Ludovico, presented the drafted proposal for an autonomous organization to manage the construction of the capital.
San Tiago proposed a public company, such as Petrobrás, in which the Brazilian federal government would be the only shareholder. His arguments convinced everyone. After the meeting, they went to Professor San Tiago’s office, where they continued their discussions on the basis of the drafted bill as it had been developed in Goiás. San Tiago appointed Segismundo to create the new organization, and to work out the details discussed at the meeting.
Once the final draft of the bill was completed, Segismundo handed it over to Juscelino. It foresaw an institution that conceded wide powers to the President and eliminated the necessity of any later legislative steps, which would otherwise cause further delays or even interruptions of the construction process.
After the draft had been prepared by San Tiago Dantas, Juscelino asked Christiano Martins, the presidential secretary, to write the message that would be attached to the bill when sent to National Congress.
Following Israel’s request, Segismundo Mello provided Christiano with the necessary details for this message.
The evening when Juscelino had to sign the document, Segismundo and Christiano were on the first floor of Catete. Christiano heard from Israel that the President would be traveling to Amazonas state later that night and would visit the recently discovered oil well Nova Olinda. So, Segismundo suggested that the President sign this document on his short stop in Goiânia instead of doing it in his office. This way, he would pay homage to the people of Goiânia who were working so hard for the transfer of the capital to the interior of the country.
Juscelino used to be touched by this kind of suggestions. This time, however, he thought it would be very hard to contact the governor so that he could organize a ceremony. Segismundo assured the President that it would be a matter of five minutes to notify the governor. He even surprised Juscelino with the information that a radio service existed between Goiânia and Rio de Janeiro.
When Ludovico, the governor of Goiás state, was informed about the plan, he was enthusiastic and spent the rest of the afternoon and the evening preparing Juscelino’s visit. Local radio stations invited people to the ceremony. Cars with loudspeakers drove through the streets. The Emerald Palace was in charge of informing the authorities. It was a joyful vigil. Very early in the morning, the people were at the airport, waiting for the President.
About 11p.m. in the evening, Juscelino had left Rio de Janeiro. The representatives of Goiás state had sent him a telegram expressing their support and appreciation of Juscelino’s initiative. All the representatives signed this telegram, without exception.
However, destiny had written down that the message should not be signed in Goiânia where the airplane of Juscelino was originally scheduled to arrive that morning. Due to fog and twilight at dawn, the pilots could not recognize the runway well, and the airplane was unable to make a blind landing. After having circled over Goiânia for a while, they flew to Anápolis, the neighboring city.
It was around 5 a.m. in the morning when the President and his committee left the C-47 aircraft. Lieutenant João Luiz e Silva, commander of the Força Aérea Brasileira (FAB, Brazilian Air Force) deployment, and responsible for Anápolis Airport, received the group and invited them to a bar. Juscelino was surprised to see so many people so early in the morning at the airport. And it was not a coincidence that they were all there. In fact, they had been waiting during all night, and they had followed the President’s itinerary through the radio of FAB. They anticipated that things would happen as they were to happen. They knew that the airport in Goiânia had been built in a very low and humid area, close to the river Meia-Ponte. They also knew that at dawn fog used to lie over the region, making landings and take-offs impossible.
The President explained to the audience, that, as he could not land in Goiânia, he would sign the message to congress in Anápolis, in which he proposed the draft of a bill to transfer the capital. He stressed the significance of the act. When signing the document, he crossed out the word “Goiânia” and wrote “Anápolis”, April 18, 1956. After that, he presented the pen as a gift to someone in the audience. He asked the representative Pereira da Silva from his committee to read out the content of the document. It said:
“At 5 hours and three minutes in the city of Anápolis, in Goiás state, on April 18, 1956, his Excellency Dr. Juscelino Kubitscheck de Oliveira, President of the Republic, read and signed a message to the National Congress requesting the transfer of the capital of the Republic to a region of the central plateau as already selected for the construction of the future Federal District. This statement shall be included in the communiqué of the Anápolis Municipal Parliament, as reported by the federal representative of Amazonas State, Dr. Francisco Pereira da Silva, President of the Parliamentary Commission for the Transfer of the Capital and President of the House of Representatives, and signed by President Juscelino Kubitscheck de Oliveira and others present. Anápolis, April 18, 1956. “
The following persons signed the communiqué in this order: Juscelino Kubitscheck, Coroacy Nunes, João Kubitscheck, Priest Pedro Maciel Vidigal, Dilermano Paulo Silva (Mayor), Pereira da Silva, Érides Guimarães, Amador Abdala, João Luiz e Silva, Expedito Verçosa da Cruz, Ramze Falluh, Armando Xavier, João Batista Jaime, Edson Barbosa da Silva, Geraldo Monteiro da Silva, Geraldo Guttemberg Soares, Francisco Alves Pereira, José Venceslau Gomes, Sebastião de Oliveira, Misael de Castro Dourado, José Cândido da Silva, Edelvício Arner de Souza, Juvenal Mendanha Santana.
Some who were absent that dawn of April 18 signed the communiqué later. They asked to be added as signatories for they wanted to be part of the historical moment. The communiqué was handed over to Érides Guimarães, along with a copy of the message, which was to be included in the annals of the Anápolis Parliament.
Juscelino telegraphed Governor Juca Ludovico immediately, explaining the reason for not having landed in Goiânia and notifying him that the message regarding the transfer of the Republic’s capital had been signed in Anápolis.
The President left Anapólis and flew to Manaus, taking the original message with him. On April 23, the President's chief-of-staff, Álvaro Lins, would send this message to the House of Representatives, in a letter addressed to the first Secretary of the House of Representatives, Divonsir Cortes.
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